Cyclic side-chain-linked opioid analogs utilizing cis- and trans-4-aminocyclohexyl-D-alanine

Bioorg Med Chem. 2014 Dec 1;22(23):6545-6551. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.10.022.

Abstract

Cyclization of linear sequences is a well recognized tool in opioid peptide chemistry for generating analogs with improved bioactivities. Cyclization can be achieved through various bridging bonds between peptide ends or side-chains. In our earlier paper we have reported the synthesis and biological activity of a cyclic peptide, Tyr-c[D-Lys-Phe-Phe-Asp]NH2 (1), which can be viewed as an analog of endomorphin-2 (EM-2, Tyr-Pro-Phe-Phe-NH2). Cyclization was achieved through an amide bond between side-chains of D-Lys and Asp residues. Here, to increase rigidity of the cyclic structure, we replaced d-Lys with cis- or trans-4-aminocyclohexyl-D-alanine (D-ACAla). Two sets of analogs incorporating either Tyr or Dmt (2',6'-dimethyltyrosine) residues in position 1 were synthesized. In the binding studies the analog incorporating Dmt and trans-D-ACAla showed high affinity for both, μ- and δ-opioid receptors (MOR and DOR, respectively) and moderate affinity for the κ-opioid receptor (KOR), while analog with Dmt and cis-D-ACAla was exceptionally MOR-selective. Conformational analyses by NMR and molecular docking studies have been performed to investigate the molecular structural features responsible for the noteworthy MOR selectivity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alanine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Alanine / chemical synthesis
  • Alanine / chemistry
  • Cyclization
  • Cyclohexanes / chemical synthesis
  • Cyclohexanes / chemistry*
  • Humans
  • Opioid Peptides / chemical synthesis
  • Opioid Peptides / chemistry*
  • Opioid Peptides / metabolism
  • Receptors, Opioid / metabolism
  • Stereoisomerism

Substances

  • 4-aminocyclohexylalanine
  • Cyclohexanes
  • Opioid Peptides
  • Receptors, Opioid
  • Alanine